You will also need /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/nsswitch.conf and /etc/hosts files in your chroot jail.
      [root@deep ]/# cp /etc/resolv.conf /chroot/httpd/etc/
      [root@deep ]/# cp /etc/hosts /chroot/httpd/etc/
      [root@deep ]/# cp /etc/nsswitch.conf /chroot/httpd/etc/
    
- 
        Now we must set some files in the chroot jail directory immutable for better security.
         - 
            Set the immutable bit on passwd file:
             | 
              [root@deep ]/# cd /chroot/httpd/etc/
              [root@deep ]/# chattr  +i passwd
             |  
 
- 
          Set the immutable bit on group file:
           | 
            [root@deep ]/# cd /chroot/httpd/etc/
            [root@deep ]/# chattr  +i group
           |  
 
- 
            Set the immutable bit on httpd.conf file:
             | 
              [root@deep ]/# cd /chroot/httpd/etc/httpd/conf/
              [root@deep ]/# chattr  +i httpd.conf
             |  
 
- 
            Set the immutable bit on resolv.conf file:
             | 
              [root@deep ]/# cd /chroot/httpd/etc/
              [root@deep ]/# chattr  +i resolv.conf
             |  
 
- 
          Set the immutable bit on hosts file:
           | 
            [root@deep ]/# cd /chroot/httpd/etc/
            [root@deep ]/# chattr  +i hosts
           |  
 Set the immutable bit on nsswitch.conf file:| 
          [root@deep ]/# cd /chroot/httpd/etc/
          [root@deep ]/# chattr  +i nsswitch.conf
           |  
 
 
- 
        Copy the localtime file to the jail so that log entries are adjusted for your local timezone properly:
         | 
          [root@deep ]/# cp /etc/localtime /chroot/httpd/etc/
         |  
 
- 
        Remove unnecessary Apache files and directories:
         | 
          [root@deep ]/# rm -rf /var/log/httpd/
          [root@deep ]/# rm -rf /etc/httpd/
          [root@deep ]/# rm -rf /home/httpd/
          [root@deep ]/# rm -f  /usr/sbin/httpd
         |  
 We can remove safely all of the above files and directories since they are now located under our chroot jail directory.
- 
        Normally, processes talk to syslogd through /dev/log. As a result of the chroot jail, this won't be possible, so syslogd needs to be told to listen to /chroot/httpd/dev/log. 
        To do this, edit the syslog startup script, vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/syslog to specify additional places to listen.
         To read:| 
          daemon syslogd -m 0 -a /chroot/httpd/dev/log
         |  
 
- 
        The default httpd script file of Apache starts the daemon httpd outside the chroot jail. We must change it to now start httpd from the chroot jail. 
         - 
Edit the httpd script file, vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd and change the line:
             To read:| 
              /usr/sbin/chroot /chroot/httpd/ /usr/sbin/httpd -DSSL
             |  
 
- 
             To read:| 
              rm -f  /chroot/httpd/var/run/httpd.pid
             |